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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">myrwd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реальная клиническая практика: данные и доказательства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Real-World Data &amp; Evidence</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3784</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House OKI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2782-3784-myrwd-072</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">VDZMKX</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">myrwd-101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СРАВНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Синтез доказательств в заболеваниях спектра оптиконевромиелита: моделирование клинического исследования на основании опубликованных данных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evidence synthesis in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: modeling a clinical trial based on published data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6314-4218</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Толкачева</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tolkacheva</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Георгиевна Толкачева, независимый эксперт исследовательских проектов</p><p>Северо-Западный институт управления; Проектный офис </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria G. Tolkacheva, independent expert of research projects</p><p>North-West Institute of Management; Project Office</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tolkacheva.d@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4014-3973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фатеев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fateev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Владимирович Фатеев, д. м. н., начальник отдела</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Fateev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Department</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivvf@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2476-7666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сапожников</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sapozhnikov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирилл Викторович Сапожников, к. м. н., преподаватель</p><p>кафедра автоматизации управления медицинской службы с военно-медицинской статистикой</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill V. Sapozhnikov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Lecturer</p><p>Department of Automation of Management of Medical Service with Military Medical Statistics</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Marinheira@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8952-8386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мироненко</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironenko</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Николаевна Мироненко, независимый эксперт исследовательских проектов</p><p>Северо-Западный институт управления; Проектный офис </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Mironenko, independent expert of research projects</p><p>North-West Institute of Management; Project Office</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">freelomir@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6204-8423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazarev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Анатольевич Лазарев, аспирант 2 курса обучения</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Lazarev, 2nd year postgraduate student</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Andrey.05.03.ru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7688-5778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баторова</surname><given-names>В. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batorova</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Дмитриевна Баторова, магистр 2 курса обучения</p><p>федеральная территория «Сириус»</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina D. Batorova, 2nd year master's student</p><p>federal territory "Sirius"</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valentina.batorova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1816-4014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Порозова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porozova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Александровна Порозова, ведущий медицинский эксперт</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia A. Porozova, Leading Medical Expert</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">porozovaaa@biocad.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8499-2232</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинкина-Орихан</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinkina-Orikhan</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арина Валерьевна Зинкина-Орихан, директор департамента</p><p>департамент клинической разработки</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina V. Zinkina-Orikhan, Director of the Department</p><p>Clinical Development Department</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zinkina@biocad.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской&#13;
Федерации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Государственный научно-исследовательский испытательный институт военной медицины Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Research and Testing Institute of Military Medicine of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет телекоммуникаций им. проф. М.А. Бонч-Бруевича»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications named after prof. M.A. Bonch-Bruevich</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНОО ВО «Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ANOO VO "Scientific and Technological University "Sirius"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «БИОКАД»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC "BIOCAD"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Толкачева Д.Г., Фатеев И.В., Сапожников К.В., Мироненко О.Н., Лазарев А.А., Баторова В.Д., Порозова А.А., Зинкина-Орихан А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Толкачева Д.Г., Фатеев И.В., Сапожников К.В., Мироненко О.Н., Лазарев А.А., Баторова В.Д., Порозова А.А., Зинкина-Орихан А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tolkacheva D.G., Fateev I.V., Sapozhnikov K.V., Mironenko O.N., Lazarev A.A., Batorova V.D., Porozova A.A., Zinkina-Orikhan A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/101">https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/101</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Заболевания спектра оптиконевромиелита – тяжёлая орфанная нозология, для которой поиск новых высокоэффективных терапевтических опций является приоритетным направлением медицинской помощи. Вместе с тем, в связи с характером данной группы заболеваний, проведение новых клинических исследований (КИ) существенно затруднено с точки зрения не только длительного и сложного набора пациентов и неэтичности использования параллельной контрольной группы без лечения, но и проведения сравнений с исторической контрольной группой или непрямых сравнений, для которых планирование объема выборки в КИ для новой опции терапии является отдельной методологической задачей.</p><p>Целью настоящего исследования явилась оценка мощности для анализа первичной конечной точки в одногрупповом КИ BCD-132-6/AQUARELLE, который планировалось провести с помощью скорректированного непрямого сравнения (СНС) исследуемого препарата дивозилимаб с опубликованными данными по плацебо-группе в рандомизированном КИ N-MOmentum.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. По данным исследований, отобранным с помощью систематического поиска, была оценена метарегрессионная модель для зависимости среднегодовой частоты обострений (СЧО) от терапии (анти-CD20 или плацебо), горизонта оценки и исходных характеристик пациентов. По её результатам для ожидаемой популяции BCD-132-6/AQUARELLE для терапии анти-CD20 была предсказана 6-месячная СЧО 0,116 (95 % ДИ: 0,030–0,212). Далее было проведено симуляционное моделирование СНС с пошаговым увеличением эффективного размера выборки (ЭРВ) в группе дивозилимаба с оценкой мощности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Ожидаемое отношение СЧО дивозилимаба и плацебо за 6 месяцев составило 0,117 (90 % ДИ: 0,045–0,214) без взвешивания и 0,156 (90 % ДИ: 0,050–0,315) после взвешивания (СНС). Минимальный ЭРВ, необходимый для достижения мощности 90 % при проверке гипотезы превосходства по СЧО за 6 мес. на терапии дивозилимабом по сравнению с плацебо с односторонней вероятностью ошибки I рода 0,05 оставляет 35 человек.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для подкрепления статистического вывода исследования BCD-132-6/AQUARELLE.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Optic neuromyelitis spectrum disorders are a severe orphan nosology for which the search for new highly effective therapeutic options is a priority area of medical care. At the same time, due to the nature of this group of diseases, conducting new clinical trials (CT) is significantly complicated not only by the long and complex recruitment of patients and the unethical nature of using a parallel control group without treatment, but also by conducting comparisons with a historical control group or indirect comparisons, for which planning the sample size in the CT for a new therapy option is a separate methodological task.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The aim of this study was to estimate the power for the analysis of the primary endpoint in the single-arm BCD-132-6/AQUARELLE trial, which was planned to be performed using an adjusted indirect comparison (AIC) of the study drug divozilimab with published data on the placebo group in the randomized N-MOmentum trial.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Using the data of the studies identified using a systematic search, a meta-regression model was estimated for the dependence of the average annual relapse rate (ARR) on therapy (anti-CD20 or placebo), the assessment horizon, and baseline patient characteristics. According to its results, for the expected BCD-132-6/AQUARELLE population, a 6-month ARR of 0.116 (95 % CI: 0.030–0.212) was predicted for anti-CD20 therapy. Next, a stepwise effective sample size (ESS) simulation was performed in the divozilimab group with power assessment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The expected ratio of the ARR of divozilimab and placebo at 6 months was 0.117 (90 % CI: 0.045–0.214) with-out weighting and 0.156 (90% CI: 0.050–0.315) after weighting (ESS). The minimum EES required to achieve a power of 90 % when testing the hypothesis of superiority in the ARR at 6 months for divozilimab therapy compared with placebo with a one-sided type I error probability of 0.05 is 35 people.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained results can be used to support the statistical inference of the BCD-132-6/AQUARELLE study.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метарегрессия</kwd><kwd>оптиконевромиелит</kwd><kwd>скорректированное непрямое сравнение</kwd><kwd>дивозилимаб</kwd><kwd>BCD-132-6/AQUARELLE</kwd><kwd>статистическая мощность</kwd><kwd>симуляционное моделирование</kwd><kwd>эффективный размер выборки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>meta-regression</kwd><kwd>neuromyelitis optica</kwd><kwd>adjusted indirect comparison</kwd><kwd>divozilimab</kwd><kwd>BCD-132-6/ AQUARELLE</kwd><kwd>statistical power</kwd><kwd>simulation modeling</kwd><kwd>effective sample size</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование спонсировалось АО «БИОКАД»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was sponsored by JSC BIOCAD</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruscolini A, Sacchetti M, La Cava M, Gharbiya M, Ralli M, Lambiase A, De Virgilio A, Greco A. 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