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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">myrwd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реальная клиническая практика: данные и доказательства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Real-World Data &amp; Evidence</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3784</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House OKI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2782-3784-myrwd-082</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">myrwd-113</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>QUALITY OF LIFE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние третьих моляров на качество жизни в современном обществе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of third molars on quality of life in modern society</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9947-6457</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мкртичян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mkrtichyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мкртичян Артём Альбертович –– аспирант, кафедра фармакологии и доказательной медицины</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Mkrtichyan –– postgraduate student, Department of Pharmacology and Evidence-Based Medicine</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aa@berlinstoma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Saint Petersburg State Medical University named after I. P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мкртичян А.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мкртичян А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mkrtichyan A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/113">https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/113</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Проблемы третьих моляров оказывают многофакторное негативное воздействие на качество жизни пациентов в современном обществе, затрагивая медицинские, психологические, социальные и экономические аспекты жизнедеятельности. Комплексная оценка данного влияния является актуальной задачей для оптимизации стоматологической помощи и улучшения качества жизни пациентов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Провести систематический анализ современных данных о влиянии третьих моляров на различные аспекты качества жизни пациентов с оценкой медицинских, психологических, социальных и экономических факторов воздействия.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён систематический обзор научной литературы в период с 2020 по 2025 года с использованием баз данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science и Google Scholar. Критерии включения предусматривали публикации после 2020 года, содержащие статистические данные о влиянии третьих моляров на жизнедеятельность пациентов. Применялся метод контент-анализа для систематизации данных с использованием валидированных инструментов оценки качества жизни, включая OHIP-5, PSQI, AIS и ESS.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что 52 % пациентов с проблемами третьих моляров страдают от нарушений сна с показателем бессонницы 5,56±3,23 балла по шкале AIS. Риск развития кариеса соседних зубов увеличивается в 1,39 раза, резорбции корней — в 6,51 раза. Общий балл качества жизни пациентов с ретинированными молярами составляет 0–14 баллов против 0–11 в контрольной группе (p &lt;0,05). Экономический анализ показал, что консервативное ведение является наиболее затратным подходом по сравнению с профилактическим удалением. Стратегия сохранения асимптоматичных третьих моляров обеспечивает снижение расходов для национальных систем здравоохранения.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Третьи моляры оказывают значительное негативное влияние на качество жизни пациентов через нарушения сна, стоматологические осложнения и психосоциальную дисфункцию. Построенная модель многофакторного воздействия позволяет прогнозировать потребности в различных видах стоматологической помощи и оптимизировать экономические затраты системы здравоохранения на лечение патологий третьих моляров.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Actuality</title><p>Actuality. Third molar problems have a multifactorial negative impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL), affecting the medical, psychological, social, and economic aspects of life. A comprehensive assessment of this impact is a pressing task for optimizing dental care and improving patients’ quality of life.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. This study conducted a systematic analysis of modern data on the impact of third molars on various aspects of QoL by assessing the influence of medical, psychological, social, and economic factors.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted from 2020 to 2025 using the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The inclusion criteria included publications published after 2020 containing statistical data on the impact of third molars on patients’ lives. Content analysis was used to systematize the data using validated QOL assessment tools, including OHIP-5, PSQI, AIS, and ESS.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that 52 % of patients with third molar problems suffer from sleep disorders, with an insomnia score of 5.56±3.23 points on the AIS scale. The risk of developing caries of adjacent teeth increases by 1.39 times and root resorption by 6.51 times. The overall QoL score of patients with impacted molars is 0–14 points versus 0–11 in the control group (p&lt;0.05). The economic analysis showed that conservative management is the costliest approach compared with prophylactic extraction. The strategy of preserving asymptomatic third molars provide cost savings for national health care systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Third molars have a significant negative impact on patients’ QoL through sleep disorders, dental complications, and psychosocial dysfunction. The constructed model of multifactorial impact allows predicting the need for various types of dental care and optimizing the health care system’s economic costs for third molar pathology treatment.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>третьи моляры</kwd><kwd>зубы мудрости</kwd><kwd>импакция</kwd><kwd>ретенция</kwd><kwd>качество жизни</kwd><kwd>нарушения сна</kwd><kwd>стоматологические осложнения</kwd><kwd>психологические аспекты</kwd><kwd>социальная дисфункция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>third molars</kwd><kwd>wisdom teeth</kwd><kwd>impaction</kwd><kwd>retention</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>sleep disorders</kwd><kwd>dental complications</kwd><kwd>psychological aspects</kwd><kwd>social dysfunction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабахин Е. Б., Бондарюк А. В. Особенности и аномалии развития третьих моляров. 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