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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">myrwd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реальная клиническая практика: данные и доказательства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Real-World Data &amp; Evidence</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3784</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House OKI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2782-3784-myrwd-086</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AHCLSC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">myrwd-118</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ЛЕКАРСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DRUG SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Безопасность применения антипсихотиков: анализ российской базы спонтанных сообщений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The safety of the use of anti psychotics: analysis of spontaneous reports’ database</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7704-9900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гомон</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gomon</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гомон Юлия Михайловна — д. м. н., профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и доказательной медицины</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia M. Gomon — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Evidence-Based Medicine</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gomonmd@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5852-1519</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаврова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаврова Виктория Анатольевна — к. м. н., ассистент кафедры психиатрии и наркологии</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktoria A. Lavrova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor at the Department of Psychiatry and Narcology</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valavrova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1919-2909</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колбин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolbin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колбин Алексей Сергеевич — д. м. н., профессор, зав. кафедрой клинической фармакологии и доказательной медицины, профессор кафедры фармакологии медицинского факультета</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey S. Kolbin — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Evidence-Based Medicine, professor of the Department of Pharmacology, Medical Faculty</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex.kolbin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5751-3347</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горелов</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorelov</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горелов Кирилл Витальевич — заместитель начальника Управления — начальник отдела организации фармаконадзора Управления организации государственного контроля качества медицинской продукции</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill V. Gorelov — Deputy Head of the Department — Head of the Pharmacovigilance Organization Department of the Department for the Organization of State Quality Control of Medical Products</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">GorelovKV@roszdravnadzor.gov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5618-4206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Незнанов</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neznanov</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Незнанов Николай Григорьевич — д. м. н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, директор, зав. кафедрой психиатрии и наркологии, главный внештатный специалист-эксперт по психиатрии Росздравнадзора, Президент Российского общества психиатров</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay G. Neznanov — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Director, Head of the Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Chief Freelance Expert in Psychiatry of Roszdravnadzor, President of the Russian Society of Psychiatrists</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nezn@bekhterev.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7402-330X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нуриахмитова</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nuriakhmetova</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нуриахмитова Диана Наилевна — студент</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana N. Nuriakhmetova — student</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dnuriahmitova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени И.П. Павлова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after I. P. Pavlov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени И.П. Павлова»; ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after I. P. Pavlov; St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере здравоохранения» (Росздравнадзор)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Service for Surveillance in Healthcare</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени И.П. Павлова»; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В.М. Бехтерева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First St. Petersburg State Medical University named after I. P. Pavlov; V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гомон Ю.М., Лаврова В.А., Колбин А.С., Горелов К.В., Незнанов Н.Г., Нуриахмитова Д.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гомон Ю.М., Лаврова В.А., Колбин А.С., Горелов К.В., Незнанов Н.Г., Нуриахмитова Д.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gomon Y.M., Lavrova V.A., Kolbin A.S., Gorelov K.V., Neznanov N.G., Nuriakhmetova D.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/118">https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/118</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Антипсихотики широко применяются вне зарегистрированных показаний в лечении резистентных форм тревожно-депрессивных расстройств, что требует тщательного сбора сведений о безопасности применения этой группы лекарственных препаратов (ЛП).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить профиль безопасности антипсихотиков, рекомендованных в Российской Федерации для лечения пациентов с невротическими расстройствами.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучены спонтанные сообщения, поступившие в базу данных «Фармаконадзор» Автоматизированной информационной системы Росздравнадзора в период 2019–2024 гг. для хлорпротиксена, сульпирида, амилсульпирида, кветиапина, оланзапина, рисперидона и арипипразола. Для каждого международного непатентованного названия рассчитаны отношения шансов репортирования (ROR), коэффициент пропорциональности репортирования (PRR) в отношении статистически значимой диспропорциональности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Получены сведения о 1392 спонтанных сообщениях, 1359 из которых были первичными. Для большинства ЛП, за исключением сульпирида, амилсульпирида, флупентиксола и зипрасидона, отмечен прирост количества спонтанных сообщений. Для флупентиксола (n=21), луразидона (n=35), зипрасидона (n=18), карипипразина (n=29) и амилсульпирида (n=14) общее количество сообщений за 5 лет наблюдения не превышало пятидесяти. Наибольшее количество статистически значимых связей между применением ЛП и развитием НР нескольких системно-органных классов показано для рисперидона: нарушения со стороны мышечной, скелетной и соединительной ткани (дистония, тремор, гипертонус), нарушения со стороны репродуктивной системы и молочных желёз (галакторея, аменорея), лабораторные и инструментальные данные (гиперпролактинемия). Для хлорпротиксена подтверждена связь с травмами, отравлениями и осложнениями процедур (отравление, преднамеренное отравление, нейротоксичность), нарушениями со стороны нервной системы (угнетение сознания, головная боль, головокружение); для кветиапина с нарушениями со стороны нервной системы (тремор, ступор, сомнолентность), травмами, отравлениями и осложнениями процедур (нейротоксичность, отравление, передозировка); для арипипразола, флупентиксола и луразидона с нарушениями со стороны мышечной, скелетной и соединительной ткани (дистонии); для карипразина — с психическими нарушениями (ажитация, тревога, 1 случай завершённого суицида).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Общий уровень репортирования остается крайне низким. С учётом международного опыта сбора сведений о безопасности применения атипсихотиков существуют риски недорепортирования значительного количества сообщений о случаях суицидов и самоповреждений, передозировок, случаев рабдомиолиза, злокачественного нейролептического синдрома, закрытоугольной глаукомы на фоне приёма оланзапина и острого панкреатита на фоне приёма кветиапина.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Antipsychotics are widely used off-label for treating resistant forms of anxiety-depressive disorders, necessitating a thorough safety data collection for this class of medicinal products.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To assess the safety profile of antipsychotics recommended by the Russian Federation for treating patients with neurotic disorders.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Spontaneous reports submitted to the "Pharmacovigilance" database of the Roszdravnadzor Automated Information System between 2019 and 2024 were analyzed for chlorprothixene, sulpiride, amisulpride, quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole. For each international nonproprietary name, Reporting Odds Ratios (ROR) and Proportional Reporting Ratios (PRR) were calculated to assess statistically significant disproportionality.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We obtained data from 1392 spontaneous reports, of which 1359 were primary reports. The number of spontaneous reports increased for most drugs, except for sulpiride, amisulpride, flupentixol, and ziprasidone. The total number of reports over the 5‑year observation period did not exceed 50 for flupentixol (n=21), lurasidone (n=35), ziprasidone (n=18), cariprazine (n=29), and amisulpride (n=14). The highest number of statistically significant associations between drug use and the development of adverse reactions across several system-organ classes was demonstrated for risperidone: disorders of the musculoskeletal and connective tissue (dystonia, tremor, hypertonia), disorders of the reproductive system and mammary glands (galactorrhea, amenorrhea), and laboratory/instrumental findings (hyperprolactinemia). Associations were confirmed with injuries, poisonings, procedural complications (poisoning, intentional poisoning, and neurotoxicity), and nervous system disorders (depressed level of consciousness, headache, and dizziness) for chlorprothixene. Associations between quetiapine and nervous system disorders (tremor, stupor, somnolence), injuries, poisonings, and procedural complications (neurotoxicity, poisoning, and overdose) Associations were found between aripiprazole, flupentixol, and lurasidone with musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders (dystonia). Cariprazine was associated with psychiatric disorders (agitation, anxiety, and 1 case of completed suicide).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The overall reporting level remains extremely low. Considering the international experience in collecting safety data on antipsychotics, a significant number of cases may be underreported, including suicides and self-harm, overdoses, rhabdomyolysis, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, closed-angle glaucoma associated with olanzapine use, and acute pancreatitis associated with quetiapine use.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антипсихотики</kwd><kwd>нейролептики</kwd><kwd>тревожно-депрессивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>расстройства невротического спектра</kwd><kwd>фармаконадзор</kwd><kwd>нежелательная реакция</kwd><kwd>спонтанное сообщение</kwd><kwd>отношение шансов репортирования</kwd><kwd>безопасность лекарственной терапии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antipsychotics</kwd><kwd>neuroleptics</kwd><kwd>anxiety-depressive disorders</kwd><kwd>neurotic spectrum disorders</kwd><kwd>pharmacovigilance</kwd><kwd>adverse reaction</kwd><kwd>spontaneous reporting</kwd><kwd>reporting odds ratio</kwd><kwd>safety of drug therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Højlund M, Andersen JH, Andersen K, et al. 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