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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">myrwd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реальная клиническая практика: данные и доказательства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Real-World Data &amp; Evidence</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3784</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House OKI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2782-3784-myrwd-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">HKAUVM</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">myrwd-76</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Возможность использования данных реальной клинической практики для мониторинга за антимикробной резистентностью возбудителей инфекций мочевыводящих путей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Real-world data for monitoring antimicrobial resistance to urinary tract infection pathogens</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-9719</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цапкова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsapkova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цапкова Алина Андреевна — врач-клинический фармаколог, аспирант</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina A. Tsapkova — Clinical pharmacologist, postgraduate student</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alina.tsapkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-5955</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова Лариса Викторовна — к. м. н., доцент, зав. кафедрой терапии ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни (МЕДБИО)»</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa V. Mikhailova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of Professor, Head of the Department of Therapy</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihalysa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2310-0576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коренев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korenev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коренев Сергей Владимирович — д. м. н., профессор, директор Высшей школы медицины</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Korenev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Director of the Higher School of Medicine</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SKorenev@kantiana.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-6764</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюкова</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukova</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крюкова Надежда Олеговна — к. м. н., доцент кафедры фундаментальной медицины ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни (МЕДБИО)»</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda O. Kryukova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of Professor, Department of Therapy</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krukovano@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2503-9580</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рафальский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rafalskiy</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рафальский Владимир Витальевич — д. м. н., профессор кафедры терапии ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни (МЕДБИО)»</p><p>Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Rafalskiy — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Therapy</p><p>Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.rafalskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цапкова А.А., Михайлова Л.В., Коренев С.В., Крюкова Н.О., Рафальский В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цапкова А.А., Михайлова Л.В., Коренев С.В., Крюкова Н.О., Рафальский В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsapkova A.A., Mikhailova L.V., Korenev S.V., Kryukova N.O., Rafalskiy V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/76">https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/76</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Выбор антимикробного препарата для лечения инфекций мочевыводящих путей чаще всего про водится эмпирически, на основании локальных эпидемиологических данных. В последние годы активно развивается новый источник данных по резистентности к антимикробному препарату, основанный на анализе данных, полученных в условиях реальной клинической практики.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить распространённость и структуру антимикробной резистентности возбудителей инфекций мочевыводящих путей в Калининградской области в условиях реальной клинической практики.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Проанализированы результаты бактериологических исследований мочи жителей Калининградской области, выполненные в лаборатории коммерческой сети Инвитро. Количество исследований в 2020 году составило — 2251, в 2021–2765, в 2022–2544 и в 2023–2373. Все образцы мочи были собраны на уровне амбулаторного звена оказания медицинской помощи.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Обследованные пациенты в основном женщины (80,0–89,9 %). Инфекционный возбудитель был обнаружен у 26,8–29,3 % пациентов. Наиболее часто выделяемым возбудителем была Escherichia coli (58,7–63,1 %). Дру гие бактерии порядка Enterobacterales выделяли значительно реже — Klebsiella pneumonie (6,4–9,7 %), Enterobacter spp. (0,9–2,4 %), Proteus spp. (0,3–2,9 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosа (0,7–3,7 %). Из числа грамположительных бактерий чаще выделяли энтерококки (6,3–7,8 %), Streptococcus agalactiae (1,6–3,6 %) и Staphylococcus saprophyticus (1,4–2,8 %). Отмечен рост устойчивости возбудителей практически ко всем антибактериальным препаратам. При этом самыми активными препаратами в отношении E. coli остаются фосфомицин (2,9 % штаммов резистентны), нитрофурантоин (4,3 %) и амикацин (4,0 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование данных реальной клинической практики для оценки локальной антимикробной резистентности может быть ценным источником информации, отражающим истинную картину антимикробной резистентности в определённом регионе и дополняющим информацию, полученную другими способами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. The main treatment option for urinary tract infections is antimicrobials, which are selected empirically accord ing to local epidemiologic data. In recent years, a new source of data on antimicrobial resistance, which is based on real-world data (RWD) analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To study the distribution and structure of antimicrobial resistance of urinary infection pathogens in the Kalinin grad region according to RWD.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The results of bacteriological studies on urine samples collected from inhabitants of the Kaliningrad region, which were performed in the INVITRO laboratory, were analyzed. The total number of bacteriologic studies in 2020 was 2251, in 2021–2765, in 2022–2544 and in 2023–2373 samples. Urine samples were collected from the outpatient clinic.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study population was predominantly female (80.0 % to 89.9 %). The suspected causative agent was detected in 26.8 % — 29.3 % of patients. The most frequently isolated pathogen was E. coli (58.7 %–63.1 %). Other bacteria of the order Enterobacterales were isolated much less frequently: Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.4 %–9.7 %), Enterobacter spp. (0.9 %–2.4 %), Proteus spp. (0.3 %–2.9 %), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (0.7 %–3.7 %). Among Gram-positive bacteria, Enterococci (6.3 %–7.8 %), Streptococcus agalactiae (1.6 %–3.6 %), and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (1.4 %–2.8 %) were most frequently isolated. Growth of resistance to almost all antimicrobial agents was noted. At the same time, fosfomycin (2.9 % of strains are resistant), nitrofurantoin (4.3 %), and amikacin (4.0 %) remain the most active E. coli-resistant drugs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of RWD to assess local antimicrobial resistance can be a valuable source of information, reflecting the true picture of antimicrobial resistance in a certain region and complementing the available information provided by other methods.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекции мочевыводящих путей</kwd><kwd>антимикробные препараты</kwd><kwd>антимикробная резистентность</kwd><kwd>антимикробная терапия</kwd><kwd>реальная клиническая практика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urinary tract infections</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial drugs</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial resistance</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial therapy</kwd><kwd>real-world data</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foxman B. The epidemiology of urinary tract in fection. 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