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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">myrwd</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Реальная клиническая практика: данные и доказательства</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Real-World Data &amp; Evidence</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3784</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House OKI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2782-3784-myrwd-059</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RNSNCA</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">myrwd-81</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ЛЕКАРСТВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DRUG SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предпосылки и ограничения применения пероральных антикоагулянтов у беременных в реальной клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prerequisites and limitations of the use of oral  anticoagulants in pregnant women in real-world  clinical practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5251-5319</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Загородникова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zagorodnikova</surname><given-names>Kh. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Загородникова Ксения Александровна - к. м. н., доцент Института медицинского образования</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia A. Zagorodnikova — Cand. Sci (Med.), Associate Professor of the Institute of Medical Education</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksenia.zagorodnikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-1558</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беттихер</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bettikher</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беттихер Офелия Андреевна — к. м. н., ассистент кафедры акушерства и гинекологии Института медицинского образования</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ofelia A. Bettikher — Cand. Sci (Med.), assistant at the Institute of Medical Education </p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4431-3917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зазерская</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zazerskaya</surname><given-names>I. Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зазерская Ирина Евгеньевна — д. м. н., профессор, зав. кафедрой акушерства и гинекологии Института медицинского образования</p><p>Санкт-Петербург </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Ye. Zazerskaya — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Institute of Medical Education </p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В. А. Алмазова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Загородникова К.А., Беттихер О.А., Зазерская И.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Загородникова К.А., Беттихер О.А., Зазерская И.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zagorodnikova K.A., Bettikher O.A., Zazerskaya I.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/81">https://www.myrwd.ru/jour/article/view/81</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Применение антикоагулянтов во время беременности является довольно распространённой практикой. В связи с широким применением пероральных антикоагулянтов в реальной клинической практике и высокой частотой незапланированного наступления беременности врач может столкнуться с необходимостью оценить риски и спланировать тактику ведения беременности.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Целью настоящего анализа было оценить юридические предпосылки и фактические данные о рисках, связанных с применением пероральных антикоагулянтов у беременных в реальной клинической практике.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Произведён анализ официальных инструкций по применению зарегистрированных в России пероральных антикоагулянтов, анализ опубликованной литературы о репродуктивной токсичности и практике применения препаратов во время беременности, общий сравнительный анализ преобладания отдельных пероральных антикоагулянтов в практическом здравоохранении в России.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В результате анализа выявлена высокая вариабельность в части ограничений для применения во время беременности различных пероральных антикоагулянтов. При этом фактические свидетельства о репродуктивной токсичности для препаратов существенно не различаются и свидетельствуют об отсутствии сигналов о потенциальной тератогенности как минимум на основании имеющегося числа наблюдений. Максимальное число наблюдений беременности, превышающее число наблюдений на фоне приёма варфарина, опубликовано на фоне применения ривароксабана (505 случаев в самом крупном анализе). Остальные представители описаны несколькими десятками наблюдений. Практика структуры применения пероральных антикоагулянтов в России также создаёт предпосылки для более вероятного применения ривароксабана и апиксабана на фоне незапланированной беременности.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В настоящее время в реальной клинической практике имеются предпосылки для наступления беременности на фоне терапии новыми пероральными антикоагулянтами, что требует принятия решения о тактике ведения беременности. Инструкции по применению препаратов не содержат обоснованной информации и формулировок для принятия решений, основанных на накопленных знаниях о репродуктивной токсичности. На основании опубликованных данных об использовании препаратов этой группы во время беременности в реальной клинической практике не складывается представления о тератогенном потенциале для всех представителей за исключением варфарина, при этом наибольшее число наблюдений касается наиболее часто применяющегося ривароксабана.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Anticoagulants are commonly used during pregnancy is a fairly common practice. Due to the widespread use of oral anticoagulants in real practice and the high frequency of unplanned pregnancy, physicians should assess the risks and plan pregnancy management strategies.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The purpose of this analysis was to assess the legal background and evidence on the risks associated with the use of oral anticoagulants in pregnant women in real-world clinical practice.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. An analysis of the official instructions for the use of oral anticoagulants registered in Russia, an analysis of the published literature on reproductive toxicity and the use of drugs during pregnancy, and a general comparative analysis of the predominance of individual oral anticoagulants in practical healthcare in Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The results of the analysis revealed high variability in the restrictions on the use of oral anticoagulants during pregnancy. At the same time, the actual evidence of reproductive toxicity for drugs does not differ significantly and indicates the absence of signals of potential teratogenicity, at least based on the available number of observations. The maximum number of pregnancy observations exceeding the number of observations on warfarin use was reported for the use of rivaroxaban (505 cases in the largest analysis). The remaining representatives are described by several dozen observations. In Russia, the use of oral anticoagulants is also a prerequisite for the more likely use of rivaroxaban and apixaban in cases of unplanned pregnancy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. In real-world clinical practice, exposure to oral anticoagulants is a prerequisite for pregnancy, which requires decision-making on strategies for pregnancy management. Instructions for the use of drugs do not contain reasonable information or formulations for decision-making based on accumulated knowledge about reproductive toxicity. Based on published data on the use of drugs in this group during pregnancy in real-world clinical practice, there is no sign of teratogenic potential for all representatives, with the exception of warfarin, whereas the largest number of observations concerns the most commonly used rivaroxaban.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>варфарин</kwd><kwd>ривароксабан</kwd><kwd>дабигатран</kwd><kwd>апиксабан</kwd><kwd>эдоксабан</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>репродуктивная токсичность</kwd><kwd>тератогенность</kwd><kwd>реальная клиническая практика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>warfarin</kwd><kwd>rivaroxaban</kwd><kwd>dabigatran</kwd><kwd>apixaban</kwd><kwd>edoxaban</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>reproductive toxicity</kwd><kwd>teratogenicity</kwd><kwd>real-world clinical practice</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Q. et al. 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